The action adventure genre has been a staple of the gaming industry for decades, captivating players with its thrilling mix of intense action and exploration. From its humble beginnings to the modern day, the genre has undergone a tremendous evolution, shaped by technological advancements and creative innovations. In this article, we’ll delve into the rich history of the action adventure genre, exploring its roots and following its journey through the years. Join us as we uncover the key titles, pioneering developers, and groundbreaking moments that have defined this beloved genre. Get ready to embark on an exciting adventure through the evolution of action adventure games!
The Origins of Action Adventure Games
Early Arcade Games
Space Invaders (1978)
- Space Invaders is a classic arcade game that was developed by Taito and released in 1978.
- The game is considered one of the first shoot ’em up games and it features a simple graphics and gameplay that made it very popular among players.
- The objective of the game is to defend the Earth from an alien invasion by shooting them with a laser cannon.
- The game was a huge success and it spawned numerous sequels and clones.
Pac-Man (1980)
- Pac-Man is a classic arcade game that was developed by Namco and released in 1980.
- The game is considered one of the first maze games and it features a simple graphics and gameplay that made it very popular among players.
- The objective of the game is to navigate Pac-Man through a maze while eating dots and avoiding ghosts.
Donkey Kong (1981)
- Donkey Kong is a classic arcade game that was developed by Nintendo and released in 1981.
- The game is considered one of the first platformers and it features a simple graphics and gameplay that made it very popular among players.
- The objective of the game is to help Jumpman (later known as Mario) rescue Pauline from the clutches of the giant ape Donkey Kong.
It is important to note that these early arcade games were some of the first video games that were created and they set the foundation for the future development of the video game industry. They were simple, yet addictive and fun, and they captured the imagination of players around the world. They also laid the groundwork for the creation of new genres and subgenres of video games, such as action adventure games.
Home Consoles and the Rise of Platformers
Super Mario Bros. (1985)
Super Mario Bros., released in 1985 for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), is widely regarded as one of the most influential video games of all time. Developed by Nintendo’s Shigeru Miyamoto, the game introduced a new type of platformer that combined action, exploration, and light puzzle-solving elements. The game follows the titular character, Mario, and his brother Luigi as they navigate a series of themed worlds, battling various enemies and bosses while collecting power-ups and rescuing Princess Peach from the clutches of the villainous Bowser.
Sonic the Hedgehog (1991)
Sonic the Hedgehog, released in 1991 for the Sega Genesis, marked a significant turning point in the evolution of platformers. Developed by Sega’s Sonic Team, the game introduced a new level of speed and fluidity to the genre, with its blue hedgehog protagonist, Sonic, capable of running at blistering speeds and performing daring acrobatic maneuvers. The game’s levels were designed with a focus on momentum and encouraged players to take risks and explore different paths, with hidden areas and secrets rewarding the adventurous.
Zelda II: The Adventure of Link (1987)
Zelda II: The Adventure of Link, released in 1987 for the NES, represented a departure from the original Legend of Zelda game, which had been more focused on exploration and puzzle-solving. This sequel, developed by Nintendo’s second-party developer, Mask Production, incorporated elements of action and adventure, with a greater emphasis on combat and exploration. The game followed the protagonist, Link, as he battled monsters and explored a variety of environments, including towns, forests, and underground dungeons, while attempting to save Princess Zelda from the clutches of the evil sorcerer, Ganon.
Action Adventure Games in the 1990s
The Rise of Open-World Games
Grand Theft Auto (1997)
Grand Theft Auto, released in 1997, was a groundbreaking game that introduced players to an open-world environment where they could explore and interact with the game world in a non-linear fashion. The game featured a massive cityscape that players could navigate on foot or by vehicle, with a variety of missions and activities to complete.
Zelda: Ocarina of Time (1998)
Zelda: Ocarina of Time, released in 1998, was another influential game that helped popularize the open-world genre. The game featured a massive, open world for players to explore, with a variety of dungeons, puzzles, and enemies to encounter. The game also introduced a new level of depth to the storytelling, with a complex narrative that unfolded over the course of the game.
Metal Gear Solid (1998)
Metal Gear Solid, released in 1998, was a game that combined elements of both action and adventure games with a strong emphasis on stealth gameplay. The game featured an open-world environment that players could explore, with a variety of missions and objectives to complete. The game also featured a complex storyline that followed the exploits of a soldier named Solid Snake as he attempted to uncover a conspiracy within his own organization.
Overall, the rise of open-world games in the 1990s represented a significant turning point in the evolution of action adventure games. These games provided players with unprecedented levels of freedom and immersion, and paved the way for future games to build upon their successes.
Action Adventure Games in the 2000s
The Expansion of Storytelling
The Legend of Zelda: Wind Waker (2002)
- Story: The game follows the protagonist, Link, as he sets out on a quest to save the world from the evil Ganondorf.
- Storytelling Elements: The game incorporates elements of storytelling such as character development, plot twists, and emotional moments that contribute to a more immersive gaming experience.
- Impact: The Legend of Zelda: Wind Waker is widely regarded as a benchmark for storytelling in action-adventure games, with its emotional and engaging narrative.
Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty (2001)
- Story: The game follows the protagonist, Solid Snake, as he infiltrates a nuclear weapons facility to prevent a terrorist group from launching a nuclear strike.
- Storytelling Elements: The game incorporates elements of storytelling such as complex characters, multiple endings, and moral dilemmas that add depth to the narrative.
- Impact: Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty is known for its intricate and thought-provoking story, which has since become a staple of the Metal Gear series.
Uncharted Series (2007)
- Story: The series follows the protagonist, Nathan Drake, as he embarks on various adventures to uncover lost treasures and artifacts.
- Storytelling Elements: The series incorporates elements of storytelling such as action set pieces, character development, and a cinematic presentation that create a more engaging experience.
- Impact: The Uncharted series is widely regarded as a benchmark for storytelling in action-adventure games, with its blend of action, adventure, and drama. The series has since become a popular franchise, with several successful sequels and spin-offs.
Action Adventure Games in the 2010s
The Emergence of Cinematic Action Adventure Games
The Last of Us (2013)
In 2013, The Last of Us was released for the PlayStation 3, developed by Naughty Dog. The game follows the story of a post-apocalyptic world where a man named Joel and a young girl named Ellie must navigate through a dangerous world filled with infected humans and other survivors. The game was praised for its storytelling, character development, and graphics, with many considering it to be one of the best games of the decade.
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt (2015)
In 2015, The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt was released for the PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and PC, developed by CD Projekt Red. The game is based on the book series of the same name and follows the story of a monster hunter named Geralt of Rivia as he searches for his adopted daughter. The game received widespread critical acclaim for its open world, combat system, and characters.
Uncharted 4: A Thief’s End (2016)
In 2016, Uncharted 4: A Thief’s End was released for the PlayStation 4, developed by Naughty Dog. The game follows the story of Nathan Drake as he searches for the lost city of Libertalia and confronts his past as a thief. The game was praised for its storytelling, graphics, and gameplay, with many considering it to be one of the best games in the Uncharted series.
Action Adventure Games Today
The Evolution of Open-World Games
Assassin’s Creed Series (2007)
The Assassin’s Creed series, which first debuted in 2007, is widely regarded as one of the pioneers of the open-world action adventure genre. Set in historical periods such as the Third Crusade and the Italian Renaissance, the series follows the story of an assassin who battles against an oppressive organization known as the Templars.
One of the most significant contributions of the Assassin’s Creed series to the genre was its seamless blending of combat, exploration, and storytelling. Players were given the freedom to explore vast, detailed environments while engaging in intense combat and engaging in various side activities, such as assassinations and quests. The series’ unique blend of historical fiction and action-adventure gameplay set a new standard for open-world games and influenced many of the titles that followed.
The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild (2017)
The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, released in 2017, is widely regarded as one of the greatest open-world games of all time. Set in the land of Hyrule, the game follows the story of Link as he battles against Calamity, a powerful evil force that has destroyed the land.
Breath of the Wild introduced several innovations to the open-world genre, including a unique physics system that allowed objects to be destroyed or moved, a dynamic weather system, and a day-night cycle that affected gameplay. The game also featured a vast, open world filled with hidden treasures, side quests, and challenging puzzles, making it one of the most immersive and engaging open-world experiences available.
Spider-Man (2018)
Spider-Man, released in 2018, was a critical and commercial success that solidified its place as one of the best open-world games of the decade. Set in a fully realized version of New York City, the game follows the story of Peter Parker as he battles against various villains and saves the city from destruction.
One of the most significant contributions of Spider-Man to the open-world genre was its seamless blending of storytelling and gameplay. The game’s story was as engaging and immersive as its gameplay, with players able to swing through the city, fight enemies, and complete various side quests in a seamless and fluid manner. The game’s writing, voice acting, and visuals were also top-notch, making it one of the most memorable and engaging open-world experiences available.
The Continued Emphasis on Storytelling
Red Dead Redemption 2 (2018)
Red Dead Redemption 2 is a prime example of the continued emphasis on storytelling in action adventure games. Developed by Rockstar Games, the game is set in the late 1800s in the Wild West. The story follows the journey of Arthur Morgan, a member of the Van der Linde gang, as they navigate the challenges of the changing times and law enforcement.
The game’s story is deeply intertwined with its gameplay, allowing players to fully immerse themselves in the world and characters. The player’s choices and actions have a direct impact on the narrative, leading to multiple possible endings based on the decisions made throughout the game.
Red Dead Redemption 2’s attention to detail in its storytelling extends to its side quests, which are not merely optional tasks but are instead fully fleshed-out stories that contribute to the game’s overall narrative. These side quests add depth to the world and characters, providing players with a rich and immersive experience.
The Last of Us Part II (2020)
The Last of Us Part II, developed by Naughty Dog, continues the story of Joel and Ellie from the first game, set several years after their journey across the post-apocalyptic United States. The game’s story explores themes of loyalty, trust, and human connection in a world overrun by infected humans and dangerous creatures.
The Last of Us Part II places a strong emphasis on character development and relationships, with a focus on Joel and Ellie’s dynamic as well as the new characters introduced in the game. The story is told through a combination of cutscenes, dialogue, and gameplay, creating a seamless and immersive experience for the player.
One unique aspect of The Last of Us Part II’s storytelling is its use of multiple perspectives, with players switching between characters throughout the game. This allows for a deeper understanding of each character’s motivations and emotions, adding depth to the narrative.
Death Stranding (2019)
Death Stranding, developed by Kojima Productions, is a unique take on the action adventure genre, with a story that blends science fiction, supernatural elements, and social commentary. The game’s story follows a courier named Sam Porter Bridges as he travels across a post-apocalyptic United States, attempting to reconnect isolated cities and rebuild society.
Death Stranding’s story is not only told through its cutscenes and dialogue but also through its gameplay mechanics. The player’s actions, such as delivering packages and avoiding danger, have a direct impact on the narrative, making every decision feel significant.
The game’s story also delves into themes of connection and isolation, exploring the effects of technology and social media on human connection. Through its unique blend of genres and storytelling techniques, Death Stranding provides a thought-provoking and immersive experience for the player.
The Future of Action Adventure Games
New Technologies and Possibilities
The future of action adventure games is bright, with new technologies and possibilities opening up exciting avenues for game developers to explore. One of the most significant developments in recent years has been the widespread adoption of virtual reality (VR) technology. With VR, players can fully immerse themselves in the game world, creating a more intense and engaging experience.
Another technology that is gaining traction in the industry is augmented reality (AR). AR technology allows players to overlay digital elements onto the real world, creating a more seamless and intuitive gaming experience.
Continued Evolution of the Genre
As the technology behind action adventure games continues to evolve, so too does the genre itself. One trend that is emerging is the increasing emphasis on player choice and customization. Many modern action adventure games offer players the ability to choose their own path, making decisions that affect the outcome of the game.
Another trend is the growing complexity of game worlds. Modern action adventure games often feature sprawling, open-world environments that players can explore at their leisure. These worlds are packed with secrets, side quests, and hidden areas, providing players with hours of content to explore.
Exciting New Releases on the Horizon
For fans of action adventure games, the future is full of exciting new releases. Some of the most anticipated games on the horizon include:
- The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild: The latest installment in the beloved Zelda series, Breath of the Wild is a massive open-world game that promises to be one of the biggest and most immersive games of the year.
- Red Dead Redemption 2: The long-awaited sequel to the acclaimed Western-themed action adventure game, Red Dead Redemption 2 promises to be an epic journey into the wild west.
- Cyberpunk 2077: A highly anticipated game set in a dystopian future, Cyberpunk 2077 promises to be a groundbreaking action adventure game that pushes the boundaries of what is possible in the genre.
FAQs
1. What is the action adventure genre?
The action adventure genre is a type of video game that combines elements of both action and adventure. These games typically feature a mix of combat, exploration, puzzle-solving, and character development. The player often takes on the role of a protagonist who must navigate a dangerous world, battle enemies, and uncover hidden treasures while also interacting with non-playable characters and making decisions that impact the story.
2. When did the action adventure genre first emerge?
The action adventure genre can trace its roots back to the early 1980s with the release of games like “Mario Bros.” and “Zelda II: The Adventure of Link.” However, it wasn’t until the 1990s that the genre truly took off with the release of games like “Super Mario 64,” “Resident Evil,” and “Tomb Raider.” These games introduced new mechanics and features that would become staples of the genre, such as open-world exploration, dynamic combat, and cinematic storytelling.
3. Who are some of the most iconic characters in the action adventure genre?
There are many iconic characters in the action adventure genre, but some of the most well-known include Mario, Link from “The Legend of Zelda” series, Lara Croft from the “Tomb Raider” series, and Ezio Auditore from the “Assassin’s Creed” series. These characters have become synonymous with the genre and have appeared in numerous games, comics, movies, and other forms of media.
4. What are some of the most influential action adventure games?
There have been many influential action adventure games throughout the years, but some of the most notable include “Super Mario Bros.,” “The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time,” “Resident Evil 2,” “Tomb Raider,” and “Assassin’s Creed II.” These games have set the standard for the genre and have inspired countless other titles.
5. How has the action adventure genre evolved over time?
The action adventure genre has evolved significantly over the years. Early games in the genre were often focused on simple puzzle-solving and combat, but modern action adventure games have become much more complex. They often feature massive open-world environments, dynamic combat systems, advanced AI, and complex storylines. Additionally, many modern action adventure games incorporate elements of other genres, such as role-playing games (RPGs) and survival horror.